What parts of our cars are controlled by computers?

Cars today are controlled largely by ECUS–electronic control units–that all have different functions. Each ECU has a specific job, whether it’s to monitor the temperature of the engine or unlock the doors. Here are just some of the computer systems that keep our cars functioning according to GlobalSpec:

Airbag Control Modules: Passive safety device that inflates the airbags when there is a collision. 

Body Control Modules: Regulates body electricity including wipers, horns, and lights. It may also help the car’s entertainment system.

Engine Control Modules: Regulates the performance of a car engine. Includes igniting the spark plug, injecting fuel, and cooling the engine.

Electronic Brake Control Modules: Adjusts braking on ABS braking systems and helps prevent the wheels from slipping or locking.

HVAC Control Modules: Allows for automatic cabin circulation for auto AC units.

Infotainment Control Modules: Controls the dashboard computer system including navigation.

Power Steering Modules: Receives information on vehicle speed, steering position and torque and produces steering feedback to the driver.

Powertrain Control Modules: Regulates the powertrain system ensuring the power flows from the engine to the wheels. 

Suspension Control Modules: Controls the suspension and adjusts the tension for the wheels to create the smoothest ride under current road conditions.

Transmission Control Modules: Adjusts the displacement and transmission based on the engine’s RPM.

Each ECU varies greatly from unit to unit. They use different communication components, have different numbers of inputs and outputs, and have different amounts of microprocessor memory depending on their function. More complex modules will need more complex communication systems, more inputs and outputs, and a higher amount of memory.